![]() ![]() They then resumed smoking for 2-3 days before again receiving inhaled insulin 1 h after the last cigarette.īefore smoking cessation, maximum insulin concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) for insulin concentration time (AUC-Insulin(0-360)) with inhaled insulin were higher, and time to Cmax (t(max)) shorter, in smokers than nonsmokers (Cmax 26.8 vs. All smokers then received inhaled insulin 12 h, 3 days, and 7 days into a smoking cessation period. ![]() Insulin pharmacokinetics and glucodynamics were measured in 20 male smoking subjects (10-20 cigarettes/day) and 10 matched nonsmoking subjects after receiving inhaled insulin (1 mg) or the approximate subcutaneous insulin equivalent (3 units) in a randomized cross-over fashion. ![]() To assess the absorption profile of inhaled insulin in healthy, actively smoking subjects at baseline, after smoking cessation, and after smoking resumption and compare it with nonsmoking subjects. Diabetic patients with asthma may need to inhale more insulin than patients with normal respiratory function in order to achieve similar glycemic control. No effects on airway reactivity were observed. No significant changes in FEV(1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV(1)/FVC were observed from pre- to postdose times, and there were no observed safety issues.Īfter inhaling insulin using the AERx iDMS, asthmatic subjects absorbed less insulin than healthy subjects, resulting in less reduction of serum glucose. Asthmatic subjects had greater intrasubject variations in insulin AUC((0-360 min)) and C(max) values than healthy subjects, but similar variations in glucose AOC((0-360 min)). A greater reduction of serum glucose as indicated by area over the curve (AOC)((0-360 min)) was observed in healthy subjects (P = 0.007). Inhaled insulin showed area under the curve (AUC)((0-360 min)) values that were significantly greater for healthy subjects than for asthmatic subjects (P = 0.013), whereas no difference was observed for maximum concentration (C(max)) in the two groups. A dose of 4.7 mg (135 IU) of insulin was inhaled in part 2 to assess effects on pulmonary function. ![]() To assess insulin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, a single inhalation dose of 1.57 mg (45 IU) was given on each of the 2 dosing days in part 1. This study examined the effects on pulmonary function, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of inhaled insulin in asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects without diabetes.Ī total of 28 healthy and 17 asthmatic (forced expiratory volume during the first second 50-80% of predicted value) subjects were enrolled in a two-part, open-label trial. The AERx insulin Diabetes Management System (AERx iDMS) (Aradigm, Hayward, CA) delivers an aerosol of liquid human insulin to the deep lung for systemic absorption. ![]()
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